James Earl Carter Jr. (born October 1, 1924) is a former American politician who presided over the country as the 39th president from 1977 to 1981. He previously held positions as Georgia’s 76th governor from 1971 to 1975 and as a state senator for Georgia from 1963 to 1967. He was a Democrat.
Carter was up in Plains, Georgia, graduated from the USNA in 1946, and then enlisted in the US Navy, where he served as a submariner. After that, he went back home and started up his family’s peanut farm. He then voiced his opposition to racial segregation, backed the expanding civil rights movement, and turned into a Democratic Party activist.
He served in the Georgia State Senate from 1963 to 1967 before winning the 1970 election for governor of Georgia. Carter, a surprise nominee who was little known outside of Georgia, won the Democratic presidential nomination in 1976 and narrowly defeated Republican incumbent Gerald Ford in the presidential race.
Carter granted pardons to all draft dodgers on his second day in office. The Department of Energy and the Department of Education were also formed during his reign. He also came up with a national energy program that incorporated innovation, price control, and energy efficiency. Carter pushed for the second round of Strategic Arms Limitation Talks, the Camp David Accords, and the Panama Canal Treaties.
Along with that, he faced stagflation. The 1979-1981 Iran hostage crisis, the 1979 energy crisis, the Three Mile Island catastrophe, the Nicaraguan Revolution, and the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan all occurred at the end of his presidency. He intensified the Cold War in response to the invasion by calling an end to détente, imposing a food embargo on the Soviet Union, announcing the Carter Doctrine, and organizing the boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics. Carter defeated U.S. senator Ted Kennedy to win the 1980 Democratic presidential nomination at the DNC, but he went on to lose the general election to Republican candidate Ronald Reagan by a wide margin.
The only American president to hold office for a complete term without adding a justice to the Supreme Court of the United States, Carter departed office in 1981. He founded the Carter Center in 1982 to advance and broaden human rights, and in 2002 he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for this achievement. He made a lot of trips to facilitate peace talks, observe elections, and advance the eradication of contagious illnesses. In two volumes on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, he attacked Israel’s treatment of Palestinians as apartheid. He is a prominent member of the charity organization Habitat for Humanity and the author of various publications, from political memoirs to poetry.
Although his post-presidential activities are regarded as unusual, historians and political scientists usually rate Carter as a below-average president. Carter is the longest-living president and the one with the longest post-presidency at the age of 98 years, 4 months, and 22 days. He is also the longest-married president with a marriage that has lasted for 76 years, 7 months, and 16 days. After George H. W. Bush passed away in 2018, Carter has been the oldest president still alive. He is also the third oldest living leader of a country.
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